Volumetric Evaluation of the Upper Airways in Relation to the Gonial Angle / Avaliação Volumétrica das Vias Aéreas Superiores com Relação ao Ângulo Goníaco

The upper airspace is essential to understand the physiology and pathogenesis of its obstruction, complementary exams based on images have been used to evaluate the upper airspace. The objective of this study was to evaluate, by means of computed tomography, the upper airways (UAS), in relation to anatomical variables, emphasizing the gonial angle and comparing it with volume in mm³, sex and age. A total of 124 computed tomography scans were analyzed using DICOM files (digital image communication in medicine) made available by a radiology clinic using the ITK-snap program (version 3.6.0), upper airway volumes, sex, age and gonial angle values on both the right and left sides were tabulated in a table in the Excel 2010 program of the Microsoft Office 2010 package, and subsequently analyzed in the SPSS software with statistical analysis using the Levene Test and also the ANOVA test, to obtain of the results. The values found for the gonial angle did not indicate a significant difference. However, the present work confirms that within each of these groups there is a homogeneity of variances, corroborating the results reported in the literature. However, regarding the volume of the upper airways, we found that in men and in individuals aged over 34 years, the volume is greater.(AU)

O espaço aéreo superior é essencial para compreender a fisiologia e a patogênese de sua obstrução, exames complementares baseados em imagens têm sido empregados para avaliar o espaço aéreo superior. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar por meio de tomografia computadorizada, as vias aéreas superiores (VAS), com relação a variáveis anatômicas, dando ênfase ao ângulo goníaco e comparando com volume em mm³, sexo e idade. Foram analisados 124 exames de tomográfica computadorizada, por meio dos arquivos DICOM (comunicação de imagens digitais em medicina) disponibilizados por uma clínica radiológica, através do programa ITK-snap (versão 3.6.0), os volumes das vias aéreas superiores, o sexo, a idade e os valores do ângulo goníaco tanto do lado direito como do lado esquerdo foram tabulados em tabela no programa Excel 2010 do pacote Microsoft Office 2010, e analisados posteriormente no software SPSS com análise estatística pelo Teste de Levene e também teste ANOVA, para obtenção dos resultados. Os valores encontrados para o ângulo goníaco não indicaram diferença significativa. Contudo, o presente trabalho confirma que dentro de cada um desses grupos há uma homogeneidade das variâncias e corroborando com os resultados relatados na literatura. No entanto com relação ao volume das vias aéreas superiores encontramos que em homens e em indivíduos com idade superior a 34 anos o volume é superior.(AU)

Uncommon case of histoplasmosis with oral manifestation: A case report of diagnosis in a South American patient.

INTRODUCTION: Histoplasmosis is a systemic fungal disease caused by the H. capsulatum fungus, which is mainly present in feces and guano of birds and bats. This condition manifests in several ways and it is more severe in its disseminated form and in immunosuppressed patients, putting the patient at risk of death if not diagnosed in time. CASE PRESENTATION: This report presents the case of a 39-year-old white female patient, a seller of agricultural machinery, with a history of lupus erythematosus, who attended a private dental office complaining of a tongue lesion. The patient reported having been subjected to an incisional biopsy of this lesion and the histopathological examination identified an inflammatory process. Considering the inefficient management of the lesion with intralesional application of corticosteroids, squamous cell carcinoma or granulomatous fungal infection was suspected, and a new biopsy was performed allowing the diagnosis of histoplasmosis already spread to the liver, intestines, and bone marrow. The diagnosed disease led the patient to undergo extensive antifungal treatment, including a period of hospitalization. DISCUSSION: The diagnosis of histoplasmosis can be delayed due to several factors, mainly due to its diverse clinical presentation between acute, chronic and disseminated forms. However, achieving an early diagnosis for histoplasmosis is very important to maintain the patient's quality of life. CONCLUSION: Greater education, information, and awareness about histoplasmosis among health professionals are required for managing these cases, especially in endemic areas to H. capsulatum.

Perfil Epidemiológico de Pacientes Diagnosticados com Carcinoma Epidermoide Oral em Passo Fundo, Brasil / Epidemiological Profile of Patients Diagnosed with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Passo Fundo, Brazil / Perfil Epidemiológico de Pacientes Diagnosticados con Carcinoma Epidermoide Oral en Passo Fundo, Brasil

Introdução: O carcinoma epidermoide é uma patologia que corresponde a 90% dos tumores malignos da cavidade oral. Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil epidemiológico, o tratamento e a sobrevida dos pacientes diagnosticados com carcinoma epidermoide oral em um hospital referência na Região Norte do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Método: Estudo observacional retrospectivo, com análise dos prontuários dos pacientes com diagnóstico dessa patologia, no período de 1993 a 2008, no banco de dados desse hospital. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa estatístico SPSS versão 18 utilizando testes paramétricos e não paramétricos. Resultados: Foram coletados e analisados dados de 303 prontuários que revelaram que 88,4% eram homens, leucodermas, com maior incidência na faixa etária entre 51 e 60 anos. A associação de álcool e tabaco foi observada em 84,7% dos pacientes. O local mais afetado foi a língua (45,5%) e a maioria dos casos apresentou estádios tardios III e IV com uma sobrevida de 17,83 meses. Embora o tratamento cirúrgico tenha sido o mais realizado (55,9%) e apresentado a maior sobrevida, não foi observada significância estatística deste com relação aos demais tratamentos (p=0,185). Conclusão: O perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes é muito semelhante aos registros de vários países. Neste caso, o diagnóstico tardio diminuiu significativamente a expectativa de vida dos pacientes (2,5x), e o tratamento executado bem como o local inicial da lesão não tiveram influência significativa na sobrevida

Introduction: The squamous cell carcinoma is a pathology accounting for 90% of all the malignant tumors found in the oral cavity. Objective: This study aimed to assess the epidemiological profile, treatment, and survival of patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma at a reference hospital of the northern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Method: Retrospective observational study with analysis of the patients' charts diagnosed with this condition from 1993 to 2008 at this hospital database. The data collected were analyzed using the statistical program SPSS version 18 using parametric and non-parametric tests. Results: From the 303 charts analyzed, 88.4% were men, Caucasian, leukoderma, with higher incidence in the age range between 51 to 60 years old. The association of alcohol with tobacco was detected in 84.7% of the patients. The most affected site was the tongue (45.5%), and most of the cases were diagnosed in late stage III and IV, with survival of 17.83 months. Although surgical treatment has been performed more frequently (55.9%) and presented higher survival rates, its statistical significance in comparison with other treatments was not demonstrated (p=0.185). Conclusion: The epidemiological profile of patients is very similar to the charts of several countries. In the present case, the late diagnosis significantly decreased life expectancy of patients (2.5-fold), and that the treatment, and the initial site of the lesion had no significant influence on survival

Introducción: El carcinoma de células escamosas es una patología que corresponde aproximadamente a 90% de los tumores malignos de la cavidad bucal. Objetivo: Evaluar el perfil epidemiológico, el tratamiento y la sobrevida de los pacientes diagnosticados con carcinoma epidermoide oral en un hospital referencia en la región norte del estado de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Método: Estudio observacional retrospectivo con los prontuarios de los pacientes con el diagnóstico de esa patología en el período de 1993 a 2008, en el banco de datos de este hospital usando el programa estadístico SPSS versión 18 usando pruebas paramétricas y no paramétricas Resultados: Se recogieron y analizaron datos de 303 prontuarios, que revelaron que 88,4% eran hombres, leucodermas, entre 51 a 60 años. La asociación de alcohol y tabaco fue observada en el 84,7% de los pacientes. El local más afectado fue la lengua (45,5%) y la mayoría de los casos ha presentado estadios tardíos III y IV con una sobrevida de 17,83 meses. Aunque el tratamiento quirúrgico fue el más realizado (55,9%) y presentado la mayor sobrevida, no se observó la significancia estadística de éste con relación a los demás tratamientos (p=0,185). Conclusión: El perfil epidemiológico de los pacientes es muy similar a los registros de varios países. En este caso, el diagnóstico tardío disminuyó significativamente la expectativa de vida de los pacientes (2,5x) y el tratamiento realizado, así como el lugar inicial de la lesión no tuvieron influencia significativa en la sobrevida

Histopathological Classifications of Oral Leukoplakia and its Relation to Cell Proliferative Activity: A Case Series.

AIM: This study relates the average number of nucleolar organizing regions (NORs) obtained in a series of cases of oral leukoplakia, with three methods of histopathological classification of such lesion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a histopathological-histochemical laboratory cross-sectional study. The 18 cases of leukoplakia analyzed were filed at Pathology Service of the Biological Sciences Institute of the University of Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (SDH/ICB/UPF) (2017 and 2018), from which epidemiological data were extracted. New histological sections were performed for impregnation by the argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) technique. The histopathological slides were analyzed by photon microscopy (1,000×), and the nuclei of 100 epithelial cells were photographed to count the number of NORs. Three methods were used for the lesions' histopathological classification [World Health Organization (WHO), Brothwell, and binary system]. The means of NORs were compared with the three histopathological classifications by means of the t or analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical tests, at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: According to the WHO classification method, most cases (11-61.1%) had a moderate classification. Evaluations by the Brothwell method showed moderate and mild classification in 50 and 38.9% of cases, respectively. According to the binary system, most cases (10-55.6%) had low risk. The average NORs found in 100 nuclei of each of the 18 lesions ranged from 2 to 4. When crossing the average NORs with the histopathological classification methods of the lesions by means of the t test or ANOVA, no significant relationship was noted. CONCLUSION: The average of NORs is not associated with the histological classifications of leukoplakias. Thus, the AgNOR method should be used with caution when differentiating different histological grades of leukoplakias. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The AgNOR method should be used with caution to determine the clinical treatment of oral leukoplakias, since no agreement was observed between this method and the histopathological classifications available for such lesion.

Estudo de 199 casos de cisto dentígero / Study of 199 cases of dentigerous cyst

Introdução: o cisto dentígero pode originar doenças graves como ameloblastoma e tumor odontogênico ceratocístico, estes apresentam características clínicas e radiográficas similares e podem levar a diagnósticos clínicos diversos. Objetivo: estudar a prevalência de cistos dentígeros em casos encaminhados ao laboratório de patologia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Passo Fundo no período de 01 de março de 2002 até 01 de fevereiro de 2014. Método: este estudo transversal analisou laudos histopatológicos do laboratório de patologia da Universidade de Passo Fundo durante o período de 12 anos, com diagnóstico de cisto dentígero. Os 199 casos de cisto dentígero em 188 pacientes (98 homens e 90 mulheres, com prevalência de idade entre 20 e 24 anos, e leucodermas. Resultados e Discussão: ocorreram 104 casos nos terceiros molares inferiores. Não houve diferença significativa entre raça e gênero, bem como idade e raça. Quando a presença de sintomas foi relatada (11,17%), os terceiros molares mandibular estavam predominantemente envolvidos (54,2%) e os caninos obtiveram o maior percentual de acerto no diagnóstico provável do cisto (50%). Conclusão: trata-se de um cisto mandibular muito comum com predileção masculina, preferência pela segunda década com prevalência em leucodermas e geralmente assintomático. Quando esta condição estiver atrelada a imagem radiográfica sugestiva de cisto dentígero, remoção cirúrgica do dente impactado e exames histopatológico estão indicados nos ossos maxilares.

Introduction: the dentigerous cyst can cause serious diseases such as ameloblastoma and odontogenic tumor keratocystic, these have clinical characteristics and radiographic and can lead to several clinical diagnoses. Objective: to investigate the prevalence of dentigerous cysts in the cases refered to the pathology laboratory of the University of Passo Fundo during the periodfrom March 1st, 2002 to 1st February, 2014. Method: this cross-sectional study analyzed histopathological reports with a diagnosis of dentigerous cyst from the pathology laboratory at the University of Passo Fundo during the period of 12 years. Results and Discussion: the 199 cases of dentigerous cyst in 188 patients (98 men and 90 women, with a prevalence of age between 20 and 24, and Caucasian. There were 104 cases in the lower third molars. There was no significant difference between race and gender as well as age and race. When the presence of symptoms has been reported (11.17%), mandibular molars third were predominantly involved (54.2%) and the canines had the highest percentage of correct answers in the probable diagnosis of the cyst (50%). Conclusion: this is a very common mandibular cyst with male predilection, preference for the second decade with prevalence in Caucasian and usually asymptomatic. When this condition is linked to suggestive radiographic image of dentigerous cyst, surgical removal of impacted tooth and histopathological examinations are indicated in the jaws.

Association of temporomandibular dysfunction and stress in university students / Asociación de disfunción temporomandibular y estrés en estudiantes universitarios

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of emotional factors in temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in university students. The universe of this study consisted of 696 students of both sexes, from the University of Passo Fundo (UPF) - RS, who signed the free and informed consent term and received the Fonseca's Questionnaire, in order to verify the level of TMD and the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS), to evaluate the degree of stress level, at the beginning and end of the semester, beginners and graduating students. Data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using the Chi-Square test, with the significance level of 5%. From the total, 489 (70.25%) subjects had some degree of TMD, being the light TMD the most prevalent (309) in all areas of knowledge, with no statistical difference between the studied areas (p= 0.004). There was correlation between TMD and stress-SRRS (r= 0.217). There is a low percentage of individuals who are free from TMD. The correlation between TMD and stress was weak in all studied groups, regardless the area of knowledge, academic period and school grade.

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la influencia de los factores emocionales en los trastornos temporomandibulares (TTM) en estudiantes universitarios. Fueron estudiados 696 estudiantes de ambos sexos, de la Universidad de Passo Fundo (UPF) - RS, que recibieron el Cuestionario de Fonseca, con el fin de verificar el nivel de TTM y la Escala de Reajuste Social (ERS), para evaluar el grado de nivel de estrés, en dos momentos distintos, al principio y al final del semestre, tanto en estudiantes que ingresaron a la Universidad como en estudiantes que se gradúan. Los datos fueron tabulados y analizados estadísticamente mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado, con un nivel de significación del 5%. Del total, 489 (70,25%) sujetos tenían algún grado de TTM, siendo el tipo leve de TTM el más frecuente (309) en todas las áreas del conocimiento, sin diferencia estadística entre las áreas estudiadas (p= 0,004). No hubo correlación entre los TTM y el estrés-ERS (r= 0,217). Existe un bajo porcentaje de las personas que están libres de TTM. La correlación entre los TTM y el estrés era débil en todos los grupos estudiados, independientemente del área de conocimiento, periodo académico y grado escolar.

Tratamento com corticosteroide de granuloma central de células gigantesmandibular em criança: relato de caso / Treatment with corticosteroids for central giant cell granuloma of the mandible in a child: report of case

O granuloma central de células gigantes (GCCG) é uma lesão óssea idiopática benigna incomum mais frequentemente encontrada em pacientes jovens do gênero feminino e na maioria dos casos acomete a mandíbula. Seu diagnóstico diferencial inclui outros neoplasmas osteolíticos dos maxilares. Objetivo: este artigo relata um caso de GCCG em paciente do gênero feminino, de 7 anos de idade, que procurou atendimento na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de Passo Fundo (FOUPF), RS, Brasil. Relato de caso: o paciente apresentava aumento de volume na região de rebordo alveolar mandibular, ao longo dos últimos 2 meses, com gradual aumento de tamanho, e a tomografia computadorizada multiloculada, de limites bem definidos com expansão cortical. A paciente foi submetida à curetagem óssea da massa por acesso intraoral e acompanhada durante cinco anos. Considerações finais: o paciente não apresentou recidiva e o excelente resultado do tratamento de curetagem óssea, associada com injeção intralesional de corticoesteroide, mostrou-se como uma boa opção de abordagem conservadora.

Occurrence of contralateral lymph neck node metastasis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.

INTRODUCTION: Squamous cell carcinoma represents about 90% of malignancies of the mouth and about 38% of the head and neck tumors. The behavior of the cancer is very aggressive, presenting early cervical metastasis and, often contralateral ranging from 0.9 to 36%. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to analyze clinical and pathological factors that may influence metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma in cervical lymph nodes and relate this occurrence in the contralateral primary tumor, with disease prognosis and the interference of this type of metastasis in the survival rate of patients with this pathology. Material and Metohds: It was conducted a retrospective study from medical records of patients with Squamous Cell Carcinomas with homolateral lymph node metastasis and contralateral attended at the clinic of Head and neck surgery of Hospital São Vicente de Paulo in Passo Fundo - RS - Brazil, from 2000 to 2008. RESULTS: Analyzing the charts of patients with metastatic and metastatic contralateral side it was observed that patients with initial stage presented a higher survival with statistical significance (p=0,035). CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of metastases in lymph nodes of contralateral position to the primary lesion was not the main fator that influenced the survival of the group. Key words:Squamous cell carcinoma, oral cavity, contralateral, death rate, lymphatic metastasis, prognosis.

Sinusitis maxilar de origen odontogénica: diagnóstico y tratamiento quirúrgico / Maxillary sinusitis of odontogenic origin. surgical diagnosis and treatment

La sinusitis odontogénica afecta la mucosa de los senos maxilares y puede ser causada por la evolución de una lesión en el diente con formación de pus periapical que avanza en el interior de la cavidad sinusal. Se presenta un caso de un paciente con dens in dente en el diente incisivo lateral superior derecho, que sufrió el proceso de caries evolucionando en la región periapical, contaminando la mucosa sinusal de este lado, lo que causó el dolor, abultamiento y el desplazamiento del diente. La cirugía se realizó a través de acceso de Caldwell-Luc para el curetaje de la lesión, lo que indica la presencia en el diagnóstico histopatológico la presencia de quiste abscedado y sinusitis. Después de 18 meses de control, se observó la regeneración ósea y el reposicionamiento alveolar espontáneo de los dientes implicados. Los autores advierten que cíngulos profundos y dens in dente son las enfermedades de los dientes que merecen atención para el diagnóstico y la prevención de los procesos de caries con el fin de evitar complicaciones mayores.

Odontogenic sinusitis affects mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus and can be caused by the evolution of a tooth injury with formation of periapical abscess that advances into the sinus cavity. We present a patient with dens in dente in the upper right lateral incisor tooth, which suffered carious process and periapical abscess, contaminating the sinus mucosa on this side, which caused pain, bulging and tooth displacement. Surgery was performed via a Caldwell-Luc access for curettage of the lesion, indicating the presence in the histopathological diagnosis of radicular cyst abscess and sinusitis. After 18 months of control, alveolar bone regeneration and spontaneous repositioning of teeth involved was observed. The authors warn that cingulum deep in dens in dente are diseases of the tooth that deserve attention for the diagnosis and prevention of carious processes in order to avoid further complications.

Osteoma periférico en ángulo mandibular: relato del caso / Peripheral osteoma of the mandibular angle: report of a case

Los osteomas periféricos mandibulares son tumores óseos poco frecuentes, constituidos por tejido óseo, y se caracterizan por un crecimiento lento y asintomático, por lo que generalmente se diagnostican en un examen de rutina de forma casual. A pesar que los osteomas se ven asociados más comúnmente al Síndrome de Gardner, existen casos en la literatura referidos a la aparición de lesiones solitarias. La naturaleza de esta entidad es sumamente controvertida en cuanto a si es una neoplasia ósea verdadera o una hiperplasia ósea reactiva; la disyuntiva se atribuye a factores tales como traumatismos e inflamaciones. El presente estudio reporta el caso de un osteoma periférico aislado en un paciente de sexo masculino, de 30 años, localizado en la región del ángulo mandibular izquierdo. La lesión fue evidente para el paciente al percibir un aumento de volumen y una ligera asimetría facial izquierda. El tratamiento consistió en la escisión quirúrgica del tumor y seguimiento.En 8 años posteriores al tratamiento quirúrgico, no se detectó recidiva o alguna otra complicación.

Peripheral osteomas of the mandible are rare, benign tumors of bone, consisting of well-differentiated mature bone, slow-growing and asymptomatic to the patient. Although osteomas are characteristic findings in Gardner’s Syndrome, nonsyndromic cases are typically solitary. The pathogenesis of peripheral osteomas is still controversial. They are referred to true neoplasms or as either developmental abnormalities and are attributed to several factors as traumatisms and inflammations. The purpose of this article is to present a case of an osteoma of angle left mandibular, in a 30-year-old man, that seek treatment for a slowly enlarging submandibular. Treatment was by surgical excision and histological examination. The patient remains free of recurrence and other complications after 8 years.

Radiopacity assessment of composite resins through digital systems and InSight intraoral film / Avaliação da radiopacidade de resinas compostas por meio de sistemas digitais e filme radiográfico InSight

Objective: this study aimed to assess the radiopacity of eight composite resins recommended for class II restorations. Materials and method: hence, 2 mm thick and 4 mm in diameter test specimens were made and compared to enamel, dentin, and aluminum using four digital systems: two semi-direct by storage phosphor image plates (SPIP) - Digora™, and DenOptix™, two charged couple devices (CCD) - Sens-A-Ray™ and Computerized Dental Radiograph (CDR™), and radiographic film Kodak Insight IS-21™. The radiographs were scanned to obtain the indirect digital image, and along with direct and semi-direct digital images the radiographic densities were assessed in specific software. The pixel values from the aluminum step wedge were submitted to a linear regression from where the equivalent in millimeters for enamel, dentin, and resins were determined. Results: density means of resins were equal or superior to the means obtained for enamel in all digital systems and the conventional film. SureFil™ resin presented greater numerical radiopacity in all digital systems and the radiographic film. ALERT™ resin showed the smallest radiopacity among the studied resins in all digital systems and radiographic film. ALERT™ and Definite™ were statistically equivalent to enamel in the Sens-A-Ray™ system and in radiographic film. The remaining resins (Charisma™, FillMagic™, P60™, Prodigy™, SureFil™, and Z250™) presented higher radiopacities in comparison to enamel. Only ALERT™ presented radiopacity similar to enamel in other digital systems (CDR™, DenOptix™, and Digora™). In these digital systems, Charisma™, Definite™, FillMagic™, P60™, Prodigy™, SureFil™, and Z250™ were more radiopaque than enamel. Conclusion: all resins showed equal or higher radiopacities of enamel in all assessment systems. There was a statistical correlation between systems CDR™ and Sens-A-Ray™, and between Digora™ and DenOptix™; Sens-A-Ray™ also showed correlation with radiographic film. The percentage of density means equivalent to aluminum millimeters for enamel and dentin were 119.6% and 101.6%, respectively.

Objetivo: este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a radiopacidade de oito tipos de resinas compostas indicadas para restaurações de classe II. Materiais e método: para tanto foram confeccionados corpos de prova de 2 mm de espessura e 4 mm de largura, os quais foram comparados com esmalte, dentina e alumínio, utilizando- se quatro sistemas digitais, sendo dois semidiretos por placas de fósforo fotoestimuladas - Digora® e DenOptix ®, dois CCD - Sens-A-Ray® e CDR®, e também o filme radiográfico Kodak Insight IS-21®. As radiografias foram escaneadas, obtendo-se imagem digital indireta, e, juntamente com as imagens digitais diretas e semidiretas, suas densidades radiográficas foram avaliadas em software específico. Os valores de pixel da escala de alumínio foram submetidos a uma regressão linear, de onde se pôde obter o equivalente em milímetros para o esmalte, dentina e resinas. Resultados: para todos os sistemas digitais e para o filme convencional, as médias das densidades das resinas foram iguais ou superiores às médias obtidas pelo esmalte. Para todos os sistemas digitais e para o filme radiográfico, a resina Surefil® apresentou maior radiopacidade numérica. A resina ALERT® apresentou a menor radiopacidade entre as resinas estudadas em todos os sistemas digitais e filme radiográfico. ALERT® e Difinite® foram estatisticamente equivalentes ao esmalte no sistema digital Sens-A-Ray® e no filme radiográfico. As demais resinas (Charisma®, FillMagic®, P60®, Prodigy®, Surefil® e Z250®) tiveram maior radiopacidade em comparação ao esmalte. Somente ALERT® teve radiopacidade similar à do esmalte em outros sistemas digitais (CDR®, Denoptix® e Digora ®). Nesses sistemas digitais, Charisma®, FillMagic®, P60®, Prodigy®, Surefil® e Z250® foram mais radiopacos do que o esmalte. Conclusão: todas as resinas, em todos os sistemas de avaliação, mostraram radiopacidade igual ou superior ao esmalte. Houve correlação estatística entre os sistemas CDR® e Sens-A-Ray® e entre Digora ® e DenOptix®, tendo o Sens-A-Ray® apresentado correlação também com o filme radiográfico. As médias de densidade equivalente em mm de alumínio em porcentagem para esmalte e dentina foram de 119,6% e 101,6%, respectivamente.

Sensitometric evaluation of a periapical radiographic film Dentix E?: effect of different processing conditions / Avaliação sensitométrica do filme radiográfico periapical Dentix E: efeito de diferentes condições de processamento

Objective: Knowing the properties of new radiogra-phic films is essentially important, because from this evaluation depends the learning of such films, directly affecting the radiation dose received by the patient in radiographic examination. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitometric properties of a new film ? Dentix E?, and compare it to E-speed? and Insight? films, processed with different liquids and under different conditions. Methods: The films were exposed at predetermined times and manually processed, using the temperature/time method and ready-to-use liquids from Kodak and Prograd, and were automatically processed with Kodak liquids. Later, the density of those X-rays was measured and the characteristic curves were built in order to determine their sensitometric properties, such as contrast, indicative value of sensibility, and latitude. The values of properties were evaluated by the inclination of curves in the graphs and by descriptive statistics. Results: It was possible to observe that Dentix E? film presented similar characteristic curves and sensitometric properties to E-speed? film, regardless of processing. Conclusion: This result indicates that Dentix E? presents contrast, sensibility, and latitude compatible to films classified as E sensibility.

Quiste óseo aneurismático / Aneurysmal bone cyst

El quiste óseo aneurismático (QOA) es una lesión benigna rara en huesos maxilares, su mayor frecuencia es en huesos largos del esqueleto y columna vertebral. Algunos autores especulan que el origen sea por trauma, mala formación o un neoplasma. El aspecto radiográfico puede mostrar desde una imagen difusa hasta una imagen bien definida, muy semejante a las otras lesiones de los maxilares volviendo el diagnóstico diferencial amplio. Con la destrucción del córtex óseo puede todavía formar una imagen reaccional del periostio en forma de rayos de sol, característico de una lesión maligna. En este estudio, se presenta caso de paciente femenino, 17 años de edad, que buscó el Servicio de Cirugía y Traumatología Buco maxilofacial del Hospital São Vicente de Paulo-RS, que presentó dolor y aumento de volumen en la mandíbula. Informó que hace cerca de un año empezó a sentir malestar en la región junto al ángulo mandibular derecho, lo cual fue progresivamente aumentando de volumen. El aspecto radiográfico acordaba una lesión maligna. Después de la confirmación histopatológica de QOA, el tratamiento seleccionado para el caso fue quirúrgico conservador, con legrado de la cavidad ósea, y fue mantenido en control posoperatorio de rutina con 6 y 18 meses. En las radiografías panorámicas realizadas se verifica la neoformación ósea y cura del caso(AU)

The aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign and rare lesion in maxillary bones, is more frequent in largo bones of skeletal and spinal column. Some authors speculate about that its origin be traumatic, malformation of neoplasm. The radiographic appearance may to show from a diffuse image up to a well defined image very similar to the other maxillary lesions turning wide the differential diagnosis. With destruction of the bon cortex it is possible to create a reaction image of periosteum in sunbeams characteristic of malignant lesion. This is the case of a female patient aged 17 seeking help in the Bucco-maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology Service of the São Vicente de Paulo Hospital _ RS, presenting with pain and an increased mandibular volume. She manifested that around one year she began to feel a discomfort next to he right mandibular angle, which was progressively increasing the volume. The radiographic appearance resembled a malignant lesion. After the histopathology verification of ABC, treatment choosed for this case was of type conservative surgical with bone cavity curettage and was maintained under systemic postoperative control for 6 and 18 months. In the taken panoramic radiographies is verified the bone neoformation and the cure of case(AU)

Avaliação clínica dos tecidos de suporte protético de pacientes usuários de próteses removíveis da Faculdade de Odontologia de Passo Fundo / Clinical evaluation of the supporting tissues of patients using prosthetic dentures, Faculty of Dentistry of Passo Fundo

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a situação clínica dos tecidos de suporte sob próteses removíveis parciais e totais, visando determinar a prevalência de patologias em relação a cada tipo protético, bem como avaliar, qualitativamente, a conduta desses pacientes quanto a higiene das próteses removíveis. Para tanto, foram selecionados 308 pacientes, agendados para o exame de triagem na Faculdade de Odontologia da UPF, que apresentavam boa saúde geral. Os mesmos foram examinados clinicamente, sendo realizada a inspeção e palpação extra e intrabucal, complementadas pela avaliação da radiografia panorâmica. Concluiu-se que a maioria dos pacientes apresentou algum tipo de lesão associada ao uso de próteses dentárias; o gênero feminino apresentou maior prevalência em relação ao masculino; e que a má higiene e o uso de próteses antigas são os principais fatores etiológicos para a presença de patologias nas mucosas de suporte protético.

This study aimed to analyze the clinical condition of supporting tissues under partial and full dentures, to determine the prevalence of diseases for each prosthesis type, and to evaluate qualitatively the behavior of these patients and the hygiene of dentures. To this end, we selected 308 patients scheduled for screening examination at the Faculty of Dentistry, UPF, which presented good general health. They were examined clinically and performed the inspection and palpation of intraoral and extra complemented by evaluation of panoramic radiography. It was concluded that most patients had some type of injury associated with the use of dentures, the females had a higher prevalence than males, and that poor hygiene and the use of old dentures are the main risk factors for the presence of mucosal pathology of prosthetic support.

Linfangioma de cavidade bucal: relato de caso clínico / Lymphangioma of the oral cavity: case report

Os linfangiomas são lesões hamartomatosas dos vasos linfáticos. Representam proliferações benignas que envolvem o sistema linfático tendo uma predileção pela cabeça, pescoço e cavidade bucal. O prognóstico para os linfangiomas localizados na língua é bom para a maior parte dos pacientes, embora as lesões volumosas possam provocar obstrução das vias aéreas. O objetivo deste estudo é relatar dois casos clínicos de linfangioma localizados na língua, bem como revisar a literatura pertinente enfocando os aspectos clínicos e possibilidades terapêuticas.

The lymphangiomas are amarthomatous lesions of the limphatic vases. There are benign proliferations that envolve the lymphatic system has a predilection for the head, neck and oral cavity. They represent benign proliferations that involve the lymphatic system, has a predilection for the head, neck and oral cavity. The prognostic for the linfangiomas located in the tongue isgood for the most of the patients, although the voluminous lesions can cause obstruction of the aerial ways and consequently the death. The purpose of this study is to report two clinical cases of the lymphangioma located on the tongue, as well as to revise the pertinent literature focusing theclinical aspects and therapeutic possibilities.

Relato de dois casos familiares de disostose cleidocraniana / Report of two familial cases of cleidocranial dysostosis

A disostose cleidocraniana é uma síndrome relativamente rara, congênita, que se caracteriza por apresentar anomalias esqueléticas específicas e manifestações na cavidade bucal. É descrita como uma doença genética de herança autossômica dominantes relacionada com a perda de um dos alelos do gene CBFA1. Os sinais clínicos mais característicos são a hipoplasia ou aplasia das clavículas e o envolvimento da cavidade bucal e dos dois terços superiores da face. Este estudo relata dois casos clínicos familiares da disostose cleidocraniana, bem como revisa a literatura enfocando os aspectos clínicos e readiográficos dessa síndrome

Avaliaçäo quantitativa das células de Langerhans no carcinoma verrucoso e no epitélio normal adjacente / Quantitative evaluation of Langerhans cells in verrucous carcinoma and in normal adjacent epithelium

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o número de células de Langerhans presentes no epitélio de carcinoma verrucoso e compará-lo com a quantidade dessa células encontrada em papiloma, displasia epitelial e carcinoma espinocelular relatados na literatura. Foram utilizados 9 casos de carcinoma verrucoso em que fosse possível observar uma porçäo de tecido adjacente, microscopicamente normal. Para a identificaçäo das células de Langerhans, utilizou-se a técnica imuno-histoquímica para que a proteína S-100 fosse evidenciada. Concluiu-se que näo há diferença estatisticamente significativa entre a quantidade de células de Langerhans no carcinoma verrucoso e no epitélio normal adjacente à lesäo (p = 0,01), caracterizando a antigenicidade dessa neoplasia

Reabsorçäo radicular cervical externa: reabilitaçäo periodontal cirúrgico-restauradora / External cervical root resorption: periodontal surgical-restorative rehabilitation

Os autores relatam um caso clínico do tratamento de uma reabsorçäo cervical externa pós endodontoterapia e clareamento dental interno, cuja conduta escolhida foi técnica cirúrgica-restauradora

Carcinoma espinocelular em borda de língua tratado com rádio e quimioterapia / Scamous cell carcinoma in the tongue border treated with radio and chemotherapy

Os autores apresentam um caso clínico de carcinoma espinocelular indiferenciado de borda de língua, de um paciente do sexo masculino, 56 anos, raça branca. Säo apresentadas a revisäo de literatura e a discussäo pertinente ao assunto, os efeitos do tratamento e a proservaçäo

Cisto ósseo traumático em área de rizogênese: relato de um caso / Traumatic bone cyst in rizogenesis area: a case report

A etiologia e a patogênese do cisto ósseo traumático ainda näo estäo definitivamente estabelecidas, sendo propostas múltiplas formas de tratamento. Os autores apresentam um caso de cisto ósseo traumático extenso, em paciente jovem, envolvendo corpo e ramo mandibulares. Os dentes em processo de rizogênese, envolvidos na lesäo, foram conservados. Discute-se o diagnóstico, as formas de tratamento e a indicaçäo de conservaçäo das peças dentárias em erupçäo